THE FORMULAS OF THE DUTCH MASTERS

"THE LITTLE MASTERS"
   THE MEDIUM Of these painters was identical to that of Rubens with one exception--the removal of the wax entirely, or in a very high percentage, from the palette. Among the so-called "Little Masters" were Vermeer, Brouwer, Steen, Dou, Metzu, Terborg, Teniers, De Hooch and others.
REMBRANDT
  Rembrandt also employed the same medium and technique as Rubens, but in complete opposition to "The Little Masters," he used the maximum quantity of wax in his impastos. His palette was very subdued. His process was more reflective than Rubens. He made many sketches alla prima, but toward the end of his life, his more important paintings were very much worked over. Then the work of the first session was dry, he would begin his repainting by laying a transparent brown glaze over the whole picture into which he painted again, giving particular attention to the lights which he built up with an amazing effect of true relief.
FRANS HALS
   Hals used essentially the same medium as Rubens. He preferred to work alla prima, but formal commissioned works were usually executed in more than one sitting.
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